Failure to Provide Substantial Bedtime Snacks When Meal Intervals Exceeded 14 Hours
Summary
The deficiency involves the facility’s failure to ensure that meals and snacks were provided in a manner that limited the interval between the evening meal and breakfast to 14 hours or less and to provide a substantial bedtime snack when that interval exceeded 14 hours. The facility’s written Meals and Snacks policy required meals to be provided on a regularly scheduled basis and specified that mealtimes be scheduled to ensure a maximum of 14 hours from dinner to breakfast, but the policy did not address the requirement for a substantial bedtime snack when more than 14 hours elapsed between meals. The posted mealtime schedule for several halls showed breakfast from 8:00 A.M. to 9:30 A.M., lunch from 12:00 P.M. to 1:30 P.M., and dinner from 5:00 P.M. to 6:30 P.M., resulting in up to 15 hours between dinner and breakfast. Observations on multiple days confirmed that meals were served during these timeframes, including dinner service as late as 6:30 P.M. and breakfast trays still leaving the kitchen as late as 9:22 A.M. Resident council minutes documented repeated complaints that snacks were not being given out, that residents were not receiving what they ordered, and that beverages were missing from trays. Residents reported that bedtime snacks were left at the nurse’s station and that staff did not routinely pass them unless residents specifically asked, with one resident stating they did not know snacks were available. An activity aide reported that residents frequently complained that breakfast was served late and that they were not receiving evening snacks, and that snacks were not being offered or provided when requested. Interviews with cognitively intact residents revealed that they typically did not receive evening or bedtime snacks, that available snacks were limited to cookies, chips, or snack cakes, and that they were not informed they could receive more substantial items such as sandwiches. Several residents described long intervals without food and difficulty obtaining substantial snacks at night. One resident stated dinner was usually served around 5:00 P.M. but sometimes later, and that they had not been offered snacks in the evening for months except on one recent occasion; they had never been offered a sandwich and would be interested in one, especially when dinner was early or intake was low. Another resident reported that breakfast sometimes arrived as late as 9:30 or 10:00 A.M., that no snacks were offered at night, and that when they requested a sandwich at bedtime, staff refused, stating the resident had already eaten dinner. A different resident reported sometimes going up to 16 hours without food and only being offered insubstantial snacks like chips. Another resident stated that staff sometimes received snacks from the kitchen but did not always pass them out, and that snacks consisted of cookies and snack cakes, not substantial or healthy items; when this resident requested a sandwich at night, staff responded that no sandwiches had been sent and that they were “lucky” to get snacks at all. The dietary manager reported that sandwiches were placed in a resident refrigerator on the first floor, but observation of that refrigerator showed it was largely filled with personal items and contained no sandwiches. The dietitian stated that if more than 14 hours elapsed between dinner and breakfast, a substantial bedtime snack such as a sandwich, fruit cup, yogurt, and cookies would be expected, but also reported being told by the dietary manager that there were not more than 14 hours between meals and that residents were provided mainly snack items like peanut butter bars and chips, without mention of sandwiches.
Penalty
Resources
Below are regulatory guidelines relevant to this citation:
The facility did not provide timely, comparable alternate meals in accordance with resident preferences and its own dining policy. Policy required that alternate meals be provided promptly, but kitchen signage and staff interviews confirmed that alternates were not prepared until after the main tray line ended, extending wait times. Two residents reported waiting over 30 minutes for requested alternate items, such as a peanut butter sandwich and a grilled cheese sandwich, and stated they were told they had to wait until tray line was completed, with one resident receiving the alternate after other residents had finished eating.
The facility failed to ensure residents were offered a substantial evening snack when more than 14 hours separated dinner and breakfast. Mealtimes were set at 8:00 a.m., 12:00 p.m., and 5:00 p.m., and staff reported that evening snacks were only provided to certain residents with orders or if a resident asked for one, rather than as a routine offering for all residents. Two residents stated they were not usually offered snacks in the evening.
Late Meal Service: Meal service was delayed beyond the posted schedule, with lunch and breakfast traylines running late and trays not fully passed until well after the expected times. Two residents reported that lunch arrived nearly 2:00 p.m. and that meals had been arriving late recently. The DS said the delay was due to extra resident requests, and the RD noted meals should come on time to maintain resident satisfaction and food palatability.
The facility failed to provide suitable, nourishing snacks consistent with resident needs and preferences, offering only limited items such as crackers, pudding, applesauce, and soda, with no meaningful alternatives. A resident with protein-calorie malnutrition and depression, for whom snacks between meals were very important, had a care plan that did not address snack interventions or preferences and reported only receiving pudding without options and not consistently receiving ordered double portions. Another resident with dysphagia, CHF, and hypertension reported that preferred snacks like sandwiches, cookies, and ice cream were no longer available, leaving only basic items. Multiple CNAs, an LPN, and dietary staff confirmed that snack choices had been reduced for cost reasons, residents complained daily, and staff sometimes bought snacks with personal funds. Resident Council and Food Committee records documented ongoing, unresolved complaints about limited snack variety and inconsistent stocking of items such as bread and peanut butter.
The facility failed to provide timely meals in accordance with posted meal times, resulting in several residents receiving breakfast and lunch trays significantly later than scheduled and interfering with at least one resident’s ability to attend an activity. Staff were observed delivering a large number of unserved room trays well past the designated meal periods, and residents reported that their trays had just been delivered while they were eating much later than the scheduled times. Facility documentation noted concerns about meal trays not being picked up from rooms and the need for CNAs to return trays promptly, while staff acknowledged that the kitchen was far behind and that there were too many room trays being delivered late.
Evening snacks were not consistently offered to residents when more than 14 hours elapsed between dinner and breakfast. Scheduled meal times created overnight gaps of 14 hours 55 minutes to 15 hours across multiple halls, and resident council and Food Committee minutes showed repeated complaints that snacks were not being passed or offered even when delivered to the units and placed in the pantry. All residents interviewed reported they did not receive a bedtime snack, and the NHA could not provide documentation that snacks were consistently offered.
Failure to Provide Timely and Comparable Alternate Meals per Resident Preference
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to ensure that alternate meals were provided in a timely manner and comparable to regular meals in accordance with resident preferences and requests. Facility policy titled "Dining and Food Preferences" dated 1/22/26 stated that alternate meals and/or beverages would be provided in a timely manner. The facility meal schedule showed that lunch tray delivery began at 11:00 a.m. and the last delivery occurred at 1:15 p.m., indicating that tray line service continued until 1:15 p.m. Observations on 4/27/26 and 4/28/26 revealed a sign on the dining services door stating, "Alternate meals will be made at the end of tray line. Tray line does not stop!" The Dietary Manager confirmed that an alternate meal would not be prepared until tray line was completed. During an interview on 4/27/26 at approximately 12:45 p.m., Resident R55 reported requesting an alternate meal and waiting over 30 minutes to receive it, and that the alternate provided was only a peanut butter sandwich. The resident stated they were told they would have to wait until tray line was finished before receiving the sandwich. In a separate interview on 4/27/26 at approximately 1:00 p.m., Resident R123 and the resident’s representative reported requesting a grilled cheese sandwich instead of the scheduled meal and being told they would have to wait until tray line was completed. They stated it took over 30 minutes to receive the grilled cheese sandwich and that all other residents had finished eating by the time the sandwich was served. On 4/30/26 at 11:24 a.m., the Nursing Home Administrator confirmed that when a resident requests an alternate meal, it should be prepared and delivered in a timely manner. These findings were cited under 28 Pa. Code 201.14(a) Responsibility of licensee.
Failure to Provide Routine Evening Snacks
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to ensure residents were offered a substantial snack when there were more than 14 hours between the dinner and breakfast meals. The facility-submitted document identified breakfast at 8:00 a.m., lunch at 12:00 p.m., and dinner at 5:00 p.m., creating a span of more than 14 hours between the evening meal and breakfast. The facility’s policy stated there would not be more than a 14-hour span between the substantial evening meal and breakfast unless resident council approved a longer span and a nourishing snack was provided before bed. During interviews, the manager of nutrition services confirmed the mealtimes, and the ADON stated snacks were available in the evening only if a resident asked for one, with no routine evening snack offering. NA-A said evening snacks were sent from the kitchen for specific residents between 6:30 p.m. and 7:00 p.m., labeled with resident names, and not all residents received them, though snacks were available upon request. LPN-A stated dietary brought a snack tray to some residents with orders for an evening snack, and staff were always asking residents if they wanted something to eat. Two residents stated they were not routinely offered snacks in the evening, though one believed staff would provide one if asked.
Late Meal Service
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to provide meals at regular scheduled times in accordance with resident needs, preferences, and requests when lunch was served late on 4/22/2026. The deficiency affected 124 to 125 residents receiving meals from the kitchen, including two residents who were interviewed during resident council and reported that lunch had arrived nearly 2:00 p.m. and that breakfast and lunch had been arriving late recently. One resident had diagnoses including HTN, type 2 diabetes, and dysphagia, and the other had diagnoses including HTN, hyperlipidemia, and CHF; both were assessed as understanding others and making themselves understood and needed supervision or touching assistance when eating. Meal service observations showed the posted schedule listed breakfast at 7:30 a.m., lunch at 12:30 p.m., and dinner at 5:30 p.m. On 4/20/2026, dietary staff did not begin lunch trayline until 12:48 p.m., the first cart did not reach the dining room until 12:58 p.m., trayline finished at 2:08 p.m., and the last tray cart reached the station at 2:11 p.m.; nursing staff were still passing trays at 2:14 p.m. through 2:18 p.m. On 4/22/2026, breakfast trayline began at 7:33 a.m., the first cart left the kitchen at 7:56 a.m., the last breakfast tray was prepared at 9:04 a.m., and nursing staff finished passing the last tray at 9:13 a.m. During interview, the Dietary Supervisor stated the breakfast trayline runs from 7:30 a.m. to 8:30 a.m. and that the trayline was delayed because of food production for special resident requests, including extra omelets. The Dietary Supervisor stated the delay was not reasonable and that meals should be served on time because residents expect them at a certain time. The Registered Dietitian stated it was important for meals to come on time to prevent resident dissatisfaction and to keep food temperatures palatable. The facility policy stated residents' meals would be served at regular hours, with an unavoidable variance of 15 minutes considered acceptable, and listed lunch service as 12:30 p.m. to 1:30 p.m.
Failure to Provide Suitable, Nourishing Snacks Consistent With Resident Needs and Preferences
Penalty
Summary
The deficiency involves the facility’s failure to ensure suitable, nourishing snacks were available and provided in accordance with resident needs, preferences, and care plans. Surveyors found that snacks being distributed consisted primarily of pudding, graham crackers, saltine crackers, applesauce, and soda, with no meaningful alternatives when those items were not desired or appropriate. Observation of the nourishment room showed only limited beverages, crackers, and an almost empty freezer, confirming the restricted snack inventory. Staff interviews revealed that previously available items such as cookies, fig newtons, cheese crackers, and ice cream had been discontinued, and that residents complained daily about the lack of variety and availability. One resident with protein-calorie malnutrition, anxiety disorder, and major depressive disorder was cognitively intact and had an assessment indicating it was very important to have snacks between meals. The resident’s care plan addressed potential nutritional deficit with double portions at meals but did not include any interventions related to snacks or snack preferences. Dietary documentation showed a one-time update of food preferences without ongoing assessment or follow-up regarding snacks. This resident reported only receiving pudding for snacks without additional options, stated that no one had discussed snack preferences, and produced a meal ticket showing an order for two sandwiches when only one was received. Another cognitively intact resident with dysphagia, congestive heart failure, and hypertension reported that snacks were not regularly offered and that preferred items such as sandwiches, cookies, and ice cream were no longer available, leaving only crackers and applesauce as options. Multiple CNAs, an LPN, and the dietary clerk confirmed that snack choices were limited to crackers, pudding, applesauce, and similar items, and some staff stated they purchased snacks with personal funds due to the facility’s limited offerings. The administrator acknowledged that snack availability and resident preferences had been an ongoing concern, that snack options were reduced due to cost without exploring alternatives, and that prior efforts to obtain and follow up on resident preferences were ineffective. Resident Council and Food Committee documentation over several months showed repeated resident complaints about snack availability and variety, with inconsistent stocking of items such as bread and peanut butter and no documented effective resolution.
Delayed Meal Service and Tray Management Issues
Penalty
Summary
The deficiency involves the facility’s failure to provide meals and snacks at appropriate times in accordance with residents’ needs and the posted meal schedule. The facility’s dietary menu for the week indicated set meal times of 8:00 a.m. for breakfast, 12:00 p.m. for lunch, and 5:00 p.m. for dinner. Despite this, surveyors observed multiple residents receiving and consuming meal trays significantly later than these scheduled times. One resident reported still finishing breakfast at 11:09 a.m. and stated they missed a 10:00 a.m. activity because their breakfast tray was delivered late. Another resident was just beginning to eat a lunch tray at 2:11 p.m. and stated they had just received their lunch. Additional residents were observed eating lunch trays around 2:07–2:08 p.m. and reported that their trays had just been delivered. The facility’s own documentation reflected concerns with tray management and timeliness. A concern/compliment form noted that trays were not being picked up from rooms at night and that staff did not always pick up a specific resident’s meal tray. An in-service sign-in sheet documented training for CNAs emphasizing that breakfast, lunch, and dinner trays needed to be collected and returned to the kitchen and not left in residents’ rooms. During the survey, staff were observed pushing a dietary meal tray cart containing 13 unserved room trays, and the activity staff stated the kitchen was “really far behind” that day. The Administrator in Training acknowledged there were too many room trays and that residents should not be receiving trays so late, confirming the pattern of delayed meal service and tray pickup for multiple residents.
Evening snacks were not consistently offered when overnight meal intervals exceeded 14 hours
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to ensure residents were consistently offered a nutritious evening snack when more than 14 hours elapsed between the substantial evening meal and breakfast the following day, affecting 5 of 5 residents reviewed who expressed a desire for a bedtime snack (Residents 10, 53, 9, 65, and 105). Scheduled mealtimes showed dinner was served between 4:40 PM and 5:15 PM and breakfast between 7:35 AM and 8:15 AM, creating overnight intervals of 14 hours 55 minutes to 15 hours across Pine, Oak, Willow, and Spruce Halls. Food Committee meeting minutes documented ongoing resident concerns that snacks were not always being passed, then still were not consistently passed, and later that snacks were being delivered to the units and placed in the pantry but were not being offered to residents. During a resident council meeting, all 5 residents interviewed reported they were not offered a snack in the evening and did not receive a snack before bedtime. The Nursing Home Administrator was unable to provide documentation showing that evening snacks were consistently offered to residents.
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